What this topic covers

Temperature is topic 14 of the Cambridge 9702 syllabus (2025–2027), covering thermal equilibrium, temperature scales, and specific heat capacity and specific latent heat. It is A Level content, examined in Paper 4 (A Level Structured Questions), which carries 38.5% of the A Level. Students often struggle with the idea that thermal equilibrium means no net transfer of thermal energy, rather than no transfer at all, and with the thermodynamic scale being independent of any material property. Conversions between kelvin and degrees Celsius are simple but frequently mishandled. Specific heat capacity and latent heat questions, including experimental determinations, test careful energy accounting: distinguishing temperature change from change of state, and recognising where energy losses to the surroundings affect the result.

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Questions in this topic

• 9702/41/O/N/24 Q2 — specific heat capacity · 8 marks
• 9702/42/O/N/24 Q3 — specific latent heat · 11 marks
• 9702/43/O/N/24 Q2 — specific heat capacity · 8 marks
• 9702/42/M/J/24 Q2 — thermal equilibrium and ideal gases · 10 marks
• 9702/43/M/J/24 Q2 — thermodynamic temperature and resistance thermometers · 7 marks
• 9702/41/O/N/23 Q2 — specific heat capacity and thermodynamics · 12 marks
• 9702/43/O/N/23 Q2 — specific heat capacity and thermodynamics · 12 marks
• 9702/41/M/J/23 Q3 — thermal equilibrium and density · 1 mark
• 9702/43/M/J/23 Q3 — thermal equilibrium and density · 1 mark
• 9702/41/O/N/22 Q2 — thermodynamics and temperature · 10 marks
• 9702/42/O/N/22 Q2 — specific heat capacity and thermodynamics · 7 marks
• 9702/43/O/N/22 Q2 — thermodynamics and temperature · 10 marks
• 9702/42/M/J/22 Q3 — specific latent heat of vaporisation · 12 marks
• 9702/41/O/N/21 Q3 — specific heat capacity and kinetic theory · 13 marks
• 9702/43/O/N/21 Q3 — specific heat capacity and kinetic theory · 13 marks
• 9702/42/F/M/21 Q3 — kinetic theory and latent heat · 8 marks
• 9702/41/O/N/19 Q3 — specific latent heat · 10 marks
• 9702/42/O/N/19 Q3 — specific latent heat · 10 marks
• 9702/43/O/N/19 Q3 — specific latent heat · 10 marks
• 9702/42/F/M/19 Q3 — simple harmonic motion in fluids · 10 marks
• 9702/42/O/N/18 Q3 — specific latent heat of fusion · 7 marks
• 9702/42/O/N/18 Q7 — Operational amplifier circuit with thermistor · 8 marks
• 9702/42/M/J/18 Q3 — thermal energy and melting · 7 marks

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